Starbucks – Grinding Data and Brewing Results
Data drives everything, even your daily caffeine hit.
Have you ever wondered how it can be economically viable for there to be multiple Starbucks coffee shops clustered in very close proximity to each other? Unbeknown to many, Starbucks has invested significantly in big data and analytics capabilities in order to determine the potential success of its stores and products, and grow sales. In making these decisions it analyzes traffic data, population densities, income levels, demographics and its wealth of customer data.
Where it all started: the concentration of Starbucks stores in downtown Seattle
So where does Starbucks get all of this data? For geospatial, demographic, traffic and location data, Starbucks get data from its in-house Atlas tool which was built by Integral GIS and Esri. For customer data, Starbucks has it’s Starbucks Rewards loyalty program, which had 12.9 million members at the end of Q1 FY17 (up 16% YoY) and can be accessed by physical card or mobile app. Besides redeeming loyalty points for free food and drinks, the mobile app also enables members to place orders ahead of time and pay using their mobile phone.
Through Starbucks Rewards, Starbucks is able to collect a mountain of data about its customers such as their favorite drinks, beverage customizations, visit frequency, the stores they visit, the time of day etc. Beyond store locations, Starbucks has been able to combine its data from Atlas and its loyalty program to push targeted promotions directly to customers’ mobile devices, improve the customer experience, tailor store offerings and design new products. Some examples include:
- making alcohol available at stores in areas of high alcohol consumption under a special menu called Starbucks Evenings (in early 2017 Starbucks announced they would be integrating this into their premium “Roastery” stores);
- pushing local promotions for Frappucinos in Memphis ahead of heat waves, essentially predicting (or “incepting”) what a consumer will want before they even know it themselves;
- launching new unsweetened tea K-cup and bottled products in grocery stores based on in-store data that 43% of tea drinking customers don’t add sugar; and
- announcing a new express store design that eliminates both the cashier counter and seating.
In the words of Starbucks CTO Gerri Martin-Flickinger, “With about 90 million transactions per week we know a lot about what people are buying, where they’re buying, and how they’re buying. If we combine that information with other data like weather, promotions, inventory, insights into local events, we can actually provide better, personalized service for customers.” This ultimately creates a positive feedback loop. Starbucks uses data to improve its product offerings and customer experience, leading to increased sales from both existing and new customers, as a result more customers sign up to become Starbucks Rewards memberships, Starbucks captures more data from its large user base and the cycle repeats itself.
With mobile payments now making up over 16% of Starbucks’ US transactions, a record annual revenue in 2016 of $21.3B and same-store-sales having grown have 5-7% YoY over the past five years, clearly Starbucks’ digital and data strategy is paying off. And so, whether you’re a Starbucks coffee fanatic or you think its products overpriced and nothing special, (as an Australian I admittedly fall in the latter category) you can’t argue with the results.
Sources:
https://www.icas.com/ca-today-news/10-companies-using-big-data
https://members.starbucks.com/
http://integralgis.com/our-work/starbucks/
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/starbucks-roasting-data-brewing-analytics-nigrah-bamb
http://www.cnbc.com/2016/04/06/big-data-starbucks-knows-how-you-like-your-coffee.html
https://www.fool.com/investing/2016/06/11/20-million-reasons-why-starbucks-rewards-program-i.aspx
http://www.bbc.com/news/business-37868620
https://www.wired.com/2014/11/forget-apple-pay-master-mobile-payments-starbucks/
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/starbucks-coffee-customer-comes-first-stephanie-annie-andrews
I love this post, Yun! I think it truly grasps the power big data can offer.
With regards to “Starbucks evenings”, I wonder, however, if it may create second-tier effects that may not be apparent using the current data, such as attracting unwanted customers (by serving alcohol) and bringing the value down for those who are used to a unique section-oriented exclusive offering.
Starbucks has been very proactive about mobile engagement with consumers. The ability to “order ahead” a coffee with your phone and then pay for it upfront helps them get so much data in a way that seems non-intrusive because the customers see it as a win and convenience as opposed to data collection. Very cool!
The title of this post is epic. I suspected Starbucks used data in some way (like putting stores on the right side of busy inbound city roads to facilitate the morning rush), but had no idea they used it so extensively. Every time I walk into a Starbucks, it amazes me how many people use features like remote ordering and payment via the app. I wonder how much data informs Starbucks’ broader strategy and whether they might be missing the forest for the trees re: trends in the coffee shop industry.
Great post! So interesting to see how Starbucks found out early on about the power of data (through the location optimization), and then proceeded to basically look at how else they could use it. It’s also a great way of keeping customers in your store / loyal: Starbucks constantly has new offers, payments are easier and easier, and they increasingly personalize.
I wonder how it could look like in 10 years. I wouldn’t be surprised if they achieve perfect online/offline integration. Basically, you walk into the store, and because you have their app, they know who you are and what your regular coffee is. Makes you feel at home, even if you are on the other side of the world…
Great article!
Very Interesting post Yun. It is especially good to learn how traditional companies are using the power of data to enhance their sales and improve product offerings. We generally hear about data being used only for new age platform based businesses.
I am also surprised by how many of my friends use the mobile app to purchase the coffee beforehand now. It seems a few firms such as Dunkin Donut, MCK are also launching the mobile purchase functions. Do you think the digital initiative will create synergies to the other brands that may not have sold that well as well (simply, can this fix the infrequent visit issues with the other brands as well)