{"id":223,"date":"2013-12-01T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2013-12-01T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/2013\/12\/01\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\/"},"modified":"2025-09-24T19:18:03","modified_gmt":"2025-09-24T19:18:03","slug":"parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/2013\/12\/01\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\/","title":{"rendered":"Parallel Paths to Enforcement: Private Compliance, Public Regulation, and Labor Standards in the Brazilian Sugar Sector"},"content":{"rendered":"

Key Insights for Managers<\/emphasis><\/h2>\n

How do government regulation and private-sector supplier codes of conduct affect working conditions in the Brazilian sugar industry? This study focuses on the sugar farms and mills in Brazil that supply The Coca-Cola Company\u2019s (TCCC) bottlers, and that are subject to the TCCC\u2019s \u201cSupplier\u2019s Guiding Principles\u201d code of conduct. Audits, field visits, and interviews at more than 50 mills and farms conducted from 2002 to 2008 indicate that they became more compliant with labor standards after the code was introduced, and subsequently between successive audits. Authors Salo Coslovsky and Richard Locke find that improvements include the elimination of child labor, a decline of occupational accidents, more direct contracting with workers, and greater provision of adequate clothing, housing, and transportation for workers.<\/p>\n

Over the same period, labor courts came to support the view that farms and mills were liable for violations of labor rights among any directly subcontracted workers who harvested their cane. As a result of both these public and private authorities, the labor conditions of sugar cane workers improved dramatically over the years: most workers became formally registered and entitled to benefits, overtime pay, and unemployment insurance. Moreover, mills came to provide mandatory personal safety equipment, and some put in place support staff including doctors, nutritionists, and psychologists.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/ezcontent><\/eztemplate><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Link to the Full Text<\/a> <\/p>\n

Geography<\/strong>: Brazil<\/p>\n

Industry<\/strong>: Sugar<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Government inspectors and social auditors work in parallel to improve working conditions in Brazil\u2019s sugar cane industry, including housing, pay, and benefits.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19149,"featured_media":224,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"rkv_hide_featured_image":false,"rkv_hide_page_title":false,"rkv_hide_abstract_shapes":true,"rkv_reduce_header":false,"hbsd3_featured_media_url":"","hbsd3_featured_media_url_autoplay":false,"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[65,99],"tags":[100,61,101,48],"tax_cop":[],"rkv-people-shadow":[18,26],"insight_type":[],"class_list":["post-223","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-codes-of-conduct","category-government-regulation","tag-auditors","tag-global-supply-chains","tag-inspection","tag-labor-standards"],"yoast_head":"\nParallel Paths to Enforcement: Private Compliance, Public Regulation, and Labor Standards in the Brazilian Sugar Sector - Working Conditions in Supply Chains<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/2013\/12\/01\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Parallel Paths to Enforcement: Private Compliance, Public Regulation, and Labor Standards in the Brazilian Sugar Sector - Working Conditions in Supply Chains\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Government inspectors and social auditors work in parallel to improve working conditions in Brazil\u2019s sugar cane industry, including housing, pay, and benefits.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/2013\/12\/01\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Working Conditions in Supply Chains\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2013-12-01T00:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-09-24T19:18:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2025\/09\/parallel_paths_to_enforcement_v2.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"533\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"danny\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"danny\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/2013\\\/12\\\/01\\\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/2013\\\/12\\\/01\\\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"danny\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/996648796de68df9af2e991d9a6f20a0\"},\"headline\":\"Parallel Paths to Enforcement: Private Compliance, Public Regulation, and Labor Standards in the Brazilian Sugar Sector\",\"datePublished\":\"2013-12-01T00:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-09-24T19:18:03+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/2013\\\/12\\\/01\\\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":238,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/2013\\\/12\\\/01\\\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/44\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/parallel_paths_to_enforcement_v2.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"auditors\",\"global supply chains\",\"inspection\",\"labor standards\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Codes of Conduct\",\"Government Regulation\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/2013\\\/12\\\/01\\\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/2013\\\/12\\\/01\\\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/2013\\\/12\\\/01\\\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\\\/\",\"name\":\"Parallel Paths to Enforcement: Private Compliance, Public Regulation, and Labor Standards in the Brazilian Sugar Sector - Working Conditions in Supply Chains\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/2013\\\/12\\\/01\\\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/2013\\\/12\\\/01\\\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/44\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/parallel_paths_to_enforcement_v2.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2013-12-01T00:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-09-24T19:18:03+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/996648796de68df9af2e991d9a6f20a0\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/2013\\\/12\\\/01\\\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/2013\\\/12\\\/01\\\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/2013\\\/12\\\/01\\\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/44\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/parallel_paths_to_enforcement_v2.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/44\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/parallel_paths_to_enforcement_v2.jpg\",\"width\":800,\"height\":533},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/2013\\\/12\\\/01\\\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Parallel Paths to Enforcement: Private Compliance, Public Regulation, and Labor Standards in the Brazilian Sugar Sector\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/\",\"name\":\"Working Conditions in Supply Chains\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/996648796de68df9af2e991d9a6f20a0\",\"name\":\"danny\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/1468372248453c63aeb412a67b2114ad3f8dded96cc098314057339bf8fd787e?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/1468372248453c63aeb412a67b2114ad3f8dded96cc098314057339bf8fd787e?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/1468372248453c63aeb412a67b2114ad3f8dded96cc098314057339bf8fd787e?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"danny\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/d3.harvard.edu\\\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\\\/author\\\/danny\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Parallel Paths to Enforcement: Private Compliance, Public Regulation, and Labor Standards in the Brazilian Sugar Sector - Working Conditions in Supply Chains","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/2013\/12\/01\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Parallel Paths to Enforcement: Private Compliance, Public Regulation, and Labor Standards in the Brazilian Sugar Sector - Working Conditions in Supply Chains","og_description":"Government inspectors and social auditors work in parallel to improve working conditions in Brazil\u2019s sugar cane industry, including housing, pay, and benefits.","og_url":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/2013\/12\/01\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\/","og_site_name":"Working Conditions in Supply Chains","article_published_time":"2013-12-01T00:00:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-09-24T19:18:03+00:00","og_image":[{"width":800,"height":533,"url":"http:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2025\/09\/parallel_paths_to_enforcement_v2.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"danny","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"danny","Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/2013\/12\/01\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/2013\/12\/01\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\/"},"author":{"name":"danny","@id":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/#\/schema\/person\/996648796de68df9af2e991d9a6f20a0"},"headline":"Parallel Paths to Enforcement: Private Compliance, Public Regulation, and Labor Standards in the Brazilian Sugar Sector","datePublished":"2013-12-01T00:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-09-24T19:18:03+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/2013\/12\/01\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\/"},"wordCount":238,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/2013\/12\/01\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2025\/09\/parallel_paths_to_enforcement_v2.jpg","keywords":["auditors","global supply chains","inspection","labor standards"],"articleSection":["Codes of Conduct","Government Regulation"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/2013\/12\/01\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/2013\/12\/01\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\/","url":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/2013\/12\/01\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\/","name":"Parallel Paths to Enforcement: Private Compliance, Public Regulation, and Labor Standards in the Brazilian Sugar Sector - Working Conditions in Supply Chains","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/2013\/12\/01\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/2013\/12\/01\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2025\/09\/parallel_paths_to_enforcement_v2.jpg","datePublished":"2013-12-01T00:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-09-24T19:18:03+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/#\/schema\/person\/996648796de68df9af2e991d9a6f20a0"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/2013\/12\/01\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/2013\/12\/01\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/2013\/12\/01\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2025\/09\/parallel_paths_to_enforcement_v2.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2025\/09\/parallel_paths_to_enforcement_v2.jpg","width":800,"height":533},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/2013\/12\/01\/parallel-paths-to-enforcement-private-compliance-public-regulation-and-labor-standards-in-the-brazilian-sugar-sector\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Parallel Paths to Enforcement: Private Compliance, Public Regulation, and Labor Standards in the Brazilian Sugar Sector"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/#website","url":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/","name":"Working Conditions in Supply Chains","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/#\/schema\/person\/996648796de68df9af2e991d9a6f20a0","name":"danny","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1468372248453c63aeb412a67b2114ad3f8dded96cc098314057339bf8fd787e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1468372248453c63aeb412a67b2114ad3f8dded96cc098314057339bf8fd787e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1468372248453c63aeb412a67b2114ad3f8dded96cc098314057339bf8fd787e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"danny"},"url":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/author\/danny\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/223","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19149"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=223"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/223\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":317,"href":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/223\/revisions\/317"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/224"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=223"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=223"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=223"},{"taxonomy":"tax_cop","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tax_cop?post=223"},{"taxonomy":"rkv-people-shadow","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rkv-people-shadow?post=223"},{"taxonomy":"insight_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/working-conditions-in-supply-chains\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/insight_type?post=223"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}