{"id":35043,"date":"2018-11-13T23:15:21","date_gmt":"2018-11-14T04:15:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/digital.hbs.edu\/platform-rctom\/submission\/world-war-3d-how-success-on-tomorrows-battlefield-will-depend-on-the-agility-and-flexibility-provided-by-additive-manufacturing\/"},"modified":"2018-11-13T23:15:21","modified_gmt":"2018-11-14T04:15:21","slug":"world-war-3d-how-success-on-tomorrows-battlefield-will-depend-on-the-agility-and-flexibility-provided-by-additive-manufacturing","status":"publish","type":"hck-submission","link":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/submission\/world-war-3d-how-success-on-tomorrows-battlefield-will-depend-on-the-agility-and-flexibility-provided-by-additive-manufacturing\/","title":{"rendered":"World War 3D: How success on tomorrow\u2019s battlefield will depend on the agility and flexibility provided by Additive Manufacturing"},"content":{"rendered":"

Recent wars in Iraq and Afghanistan enabled the Marine Corps to be supported by large built up logistical bases which utilized a hub and spoke model for the distribution of supplies and forces.[1]<\/a> In 2016, General Neller, the Commandant of the Marine Corps, published the Marine Corps Operating Concept (MOC) in order to explore how the Marine Corps will operate in the 21st<\/sup> Century. Additive manufacturing (AM) provides a logistical capability that will help enable General Neller\u2019s vision for how future Marine units will operate.<\/p>\n

<\/a>\"\"<\/a>[2]<\/a><\/p>\n

In the 21st Century Marines will be required to operate in smaller units and in a distributed and isolated manner due to the current and future capabilities of potential adversaries. \u00a0A significant problem facing any expeditionary force is the logistical infrastructure which enables units to repair broken equipment, drones, or vehicles. The concept notes that Marine Logistics \u201cmust be capable of supporting distributed units on a widely dispersed battlefield\u201d and that it \u201cmust be responsive, agile, and resilient to support and sustain operations on the move in austere environments and frequently on short notice.\u201d[3]<\/a> In order to limit the burden on traditional resupply lines in the described operating environment, AM would enable Marines to make timely repairs for aircraft and vehicles that are forward deployed to Expeditionary Advanced Bases (EAB) while reducing the strain on the already heavily stressed traditional supply infrastructure.[4]<\/a> Mobile AM capability can help augment these traditional re-supply methods by providing more flexibility to the operating unit and limiting the need for inventories.<\/p>\n

In the short term, the Marine Corps is experimenting with 3D-Printers by using them to create small replacement parts[5]<\/a>, by conducting experiments such as the creation of concrete bunkers[6]<\/a>, and by building mobile printing devices for deployed units to test[7]<\/a>. \"\"<\/a> \"\"<\/a>[8]<\/a> [9]<\/a><\/p>\n

Marines are experimenting with the new technology through pilot programs and innovation challenges. In the longer term, it is apparent that the Marine Corps is interested in finding ways to obtain the intellectual property from many of the leading defense vendors so that they can print replacement parts on their own.[10]<\/a> The recent example of an aviation unit attempting to scavenge a part from an aircraft in a museum demonstrates the need for 3D printing.[11]<\/a><\/p>\n

In order to succeed on the future battlefield, the Marine Corps must adapt current organizational structures to ensure the successful integration of AM while simultaneously working with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to determine the best way to certify new parts for flight operations. One of the challenges that integrating 3-D printing brings to the Marine Corps is the need to train personnel to properly use the machines. Since the technology is still immature and improving every year, it is difficult for the Marine Corps to create a traditional qualification path. An innovative approach to manning and training that is dependent on civilian contractors for the short term is required.[12]<\/a> Additionally, the Marine Corps needs to work with the FAA to create a process for 3D printed parts to be tested and certified according to appropriate safety protocols. The challenge will be integrating these safety tests into the printing process so that the parts can be immediately utilized while forward deployed. This may require additional personnel or further technology innovations for it to succeed on the battlefield of the future.<\/p>\n

Solving the FAA certification process and required organizational changes will help set the foundation for successful integration of AM. Two major questions remain. How can the Marine Corps effectively source the required raw materials on a consistent basis? \u00a0How can they stay abreast of the ever updating and improving technology? (800 words)<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a>Paul E. Williams, \u201cSupporting SSAs in Iraq With a Hub-and-Spoke System,\u201d Alu.army.mil, March 2006, \u00a0http:\/\/www.alu.army.mil\/alog\/issues\/marapr06\/hub_and_spoke.html<\/a>, accessed November 2018.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> \u201cMarine Corps Operating Concept: How an Expeditionary Force Operates in the 21st<\/sup> Century,\u201d Mcwl.Marines.mil, September 2016, https:\/\/www.mcwl.marines.mil\/Portals\/34\/Images\/MarineCorpsOperatingConceptSept2016.pdf<\/a> accessed November 2018.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> Ibid., p. 23.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> Ibid. p. 13.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> Lance M. Bacon, \u201cHere’s how Marines are using 3-D printing to make their own parts,\u201d Marinecorpstimes.com, April 30 2016, https:\/\/www.marinecorpstimes.com\/news\/your-marine-corps\/2016\/04\/30\/here-s-how-marines-are-using-3-d-printing-to-make-their-own-parts\/<\/a>, accessed November 2018.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> Neil Fotre, \u201cNo sandbags needed: Marines 3D print a barracks room in 40 hours,\u201d Marinecorpstimes.com, August 30 2018, https:\/\/www.marinecorpstimes.com\/news\/your-marine-corps\/2018\/08\/30\/no-sandbags-needed-marines-3d-print-a-barracks-room-in-40-hours\/<\/a>, accessed November 2018.<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a> John Hornick, \u201cUS Marines Mobilize 3D Printing With X-FAB,\u201d 3dprint.com, Jan 16 2018, https:\/\/3dprint.com\/200380\/us-marines-3d-printing-x-fab\/<\/a>, accessed November 2018.<\/p>\n

[8]<\/a> Neil Fotre, \u201cNo sandbags needed: Marines 3D print a barracks room in 40 hours,\u201d Marinecorpstimes.com, August 30 2018, https:\/\/www.marinecorpstimes.com\/news\/your-marine-corps\/2018\/08\/30\/no-sandbags-needed-marines-3d-print-a-barracks-room-in-40-hours\/<\/a>, accessed November 2018.<\/p>\n

[9]<\/a> John Hornick, \u201cUS Marines Mobilize 3D Printing With X-FAB,\u201d 3dprint.com, Jan 16 2018, https:\/\/3dprint.com\/200380\/us-marines-3d-printing-x-fab\/<\/a>, accessed November 2018.<\/p>\n

[10]<\/a> Sydney J. Freedberg Jr., \u201cMarines\u2019 Love Affair With 3D Printing: Small Is Cheap, & Beautiful,\u201d https:\/\/breakingdefense.com\/2018\/03\/marines-love-affair-with-3d-printing-small-is-cheap-beautiful\/<\/a>, Breakingdefense.com, Accessed November 2018.<\/p>\n

[11]<\/a> Lance M. Bacon, \u201cHere’s how Marines are using 3-D printing to make their own parts,\u201d Marinecorpstimes.com, April 30 2016, https:\/\/www.marinecorpstimes.com\/news\/your-marine-corps\/2016\/04\/30\/here-s-how-marines-are-using-3-d-printing-to-make-their-own-parts\/<\/a>, accessed November 2018.<\/p>\n

[12]<\/a> Luke J. McLearen, \u201cAdditive manufacturing in the Marine Corps,\u201d https:\/\/calhoun.nps.edu\/bitstream\/handle\/10945\/45903\/15Jun_McLearen_Luke.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y<\/a>, Calhoun.nps.edu, accessed November 2018.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The United States Marine Corps must effectively leverage additive manufacturing or risk losing in the next war.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11356,"featured_media":35151,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[4102,3340,4999],"class_list":["post-35043","hck-submission","type-hck-submission","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-3dprinting","category-additive-manufacturing","category-marine-corps","hck-taxonomy-organization-united-states-marine-corps","hck-taxonomy-industry-manufacturing","hck-taxonomy-country-united-states"],"connected_submission_link":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/assignment\/rc-tom-challenge-2018\/","yoast_head":"\nWorld War 3D: How success on tomorrow\u2019s battlefield will depend on the agility and flexibility provided by Additive Manufacturing - Technology and Operations Management<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/submission\/world-war-3d-how-success-on-tomorrows-battlefield-will-depend-on-the-agility-and-flexibility-provided-by-additive-manufacturing\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"World War 3D: How success on tomorrow\u2019s battlefield will depend on the agility and flexibility provided by Additive Manufacturing - 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